In the world of business, only change endures. Some brands soar by adapting, while others sink for staying still.
1. Blockbuster (1985 - 2010).
Peak: 84,300 employees, 9,094 stores in 2004.
Failure: Didn't transition to digital; declined Netflix's sale offer in 2000.
Bankruptcy: 2010.
2. Polaroid (1937 - 2001).
Success: Early leader in instant film and cameras.
Downfall: Ignored digital camera impact; focused solely on traditional film.
Bankruptcy: 2001; brand later acquired by Impossible Project (2008).
3. Toys R us (1945 - 2017).
Issue: Signed exclusive toy vendor deal with Amazon (2000), missed e-commerce development.
Bankruptcy: 2017, amidst $1bn debt and online competition.
4. PAN Am (1971 - 2011)
Innovations: Computerized reservations, jumbo jets.
Downfall: Mismanagement, regulatory issues; didn't adapt to future trends.
Bankruptcy: 1991.
5. Borders (1985 - 2010)
Expansion: Global book/music retailer.
Issues: Too much debt, late to e-readers, digital books.
Closure: 2011; assets sold to Barnes & Noble.
6. Pets.com (1998 - 2000)
Offering: Online pet supplies.
Problem: High marketing spend, poor fundamentals, premature scaling.
Closure: 2000, post-IPO; domain now redirects to PetSmart.
7. Tower Records (1960 - 2004)
Innovation: First retail music mega-store.
Failure: Heavy debts, couldn't compete with digital music platforms.
Bankruptcy: 2004.
8. Compaq (1982 - 2002)
Success: Leading PC seller, IBM PC compatible computers.
Downfall: Lost in price wars, couldn't innovate.
Acquisition: By HP in 2002, brand discontinued in 2013.
9. General Motors (1908 - 2009)
Legacy: Over 100 years in car manufacturing.
Failure: Ignored innovation and competition, focused on finance.
Bankruptcy: 2009; reformed with government bailout.
10. Kodak (1889 - 2012)
Dominance: Leading film company.
Mistake: Hesitated in digital transition to protect film business.
Bankruptcy: 2012; re-emerged as a smaller company in 2013.
What emerging technologies could potentially disrupt current market leaders? Bonus points for a take other than A.I. 😜Â
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